Kidney Stones: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
Kidney stones cause really strong ailments. It’s important to know what’s causing them, how they can affect people and what are the available kidney stone treatment in Rohini, Pitampura.
They could generally be said to affect the urinary tract, kidneys and bladder. Here are more details.
What is a kidney stone?
A kidney stone is specifically a solid mass that usually forms in the kidney. These particles are found in the urine.
There are various types of stones, in the case of kidney it can be very small, as much as a grain of sand, or it could become as large as a golf ball.
The calculations are usually yellow or brown.
If it is small it can be eliminated by urine and the pain it causes is very mild. But if it is too big it can get stuck, blocking the flow of urine and causing unbearable pain.
What are the symptoms of kidney stones?
The most common symptoms are pain in the back or side, as well as blood in the urine.
There are other symptoms, such as fever, chills and vomiting.
- Pain in the lower abdomen and groin
- Pains in waves with fluctuating intensity
- Nausea
- You gain constant urination
- Urinations in small amounts
- Odorless, cloudy-looking urine
- Burning sensation when urinating.
It is very important that first the presence of one of these symptoms is turned to the urologist in Rohini to make a diagnosis immediately and apply kidney stone treatment in Rohini before its evolution.
How does kidney stone evolve?
The evolution of kidney stones occurs as fluid retention dilates the renal pelvis.
What happens is that they clog the urinary tract and this makes it easier for bacteria to penetrate.
When bacteria penetrate, they trigger a series of infections in the urinary tract and kidneys.
This is how cystitis and interstitial nephritis occur.
In the face of such an evolution, symptoms of chills, fevers, back pain and discomfort when urinating occur. The kidney area is so affected that lower back pain is caused.
If the kidney stone is not treated, its evolution is unstoppable and the complications that arise can cause the loss of kidney function, being this irreversible.
This is how kidney stone could lead to end-stage renal failure.
Here the danger does not end, but being able to penetrate bacteria more easily into the respiratory system there is the possibility that they will cause a urosepsis, which is an infection in the blood.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis procedures may vary depending on what your doctor deems most appropriate.
These procedures depend on a series of analyses, and are explained below:
Urine testing
This is a 24-hour urine test, through it you can check if the pacing is removing minerals that form stones.
And if you’re eliminating the substances that prevent the formation of the calculation.
This test is performed by collecting urine in two days in a row.
Blood tests
These tests determine whether there is excess calcium or uric acid in the blood.
Results obtained through a blood test help establish or better control your kidney health.
Imaging testing
These allow you to look at kidney stones in the urinary tract if any.
For this type of testing, it is necessary to apply an abdominal x-ray, however, with this the smaller stones cannot be observed.
A CT scan also does the imaging test, and this option allows you to observe all kinds of calculations, including the smallest ones.
Ultrasound is another option for this type of test. Besides, it’s not invasive.
Another option might be intravenous urography, which injects dye into a vein in your arm to take X-rays.
CT images can also be obtained with this option.
Analysis of ejected calculations
This type of test consists of urinating through a filter, with this you can get the stones that manage to pass through the urine.
Once the ejected calculations have been analyzed, the composition of the calculations can be determined and thus know the origin and recommend a treatment to prevent them in the future.
As soon as the patient manifests the characteristic pains or symptoms caused by kidney stones, the urologist in Pitampura proceeds to apply one of these procedures to establish an accurate diagnosis.
How to remove kidney stones?
Kidney stone treatment in Pitampura depends on the size of the kidney stone and the symptoms they produce.
Below we will present the treatments because of these two variables:
- Small stones with mild symptoms
- Large calculations with major symptoms
Depending on these two variables, the treatments should be applied.
Small stones with mild symptoms
No invasive treatments are needed for this type of kidney stone.
Recommended treatments vary between medications and simple and easy actions.
Drinking two to three-quarters of water daily would help clean the urinary tract and thus expel small stones.
Drinking enough fluid leads to clear urine.
Another effective for smaller kidney stone treatment in Rohini is pain relievers, as it relieves pain while the calculus is expelled.
Pain relievers may include ibuprofen, naproxen sodium and acetaminophen.
Also, there is as a treatment is a medical therapy, which consists of the recommendation of drugs of the type alpha-blocker.
This medical treatment helps relax the ureter muscles to facilitate renal stone removal, being less painful and faster.
Large calculations with major symptoms
These are calculations that cannot be treated with more conservative measures because the size makes it difficult to remove natural expulsion.
They also cause bleeding, indicating kidney damage and permanent urinary tract infections.
That is why these calculations require more thorough treatments, therefore invasive.
Which we will list and explain below:
Sound waves
Sound waves manage to break the calculations, depending on the size and location can be proceeded with extracorporeal lithotripsy by shock waves.
This procedure involves creating shock sound waves that cause strong vibrations and break the stones into smaller pieces so that they can be expelled through the urine.
This procedure lasts about forty-five minutes, it can be extended to a maximum of one hour.
The pain it produces is moderate, however, the patient is often anaesthetized.
On the other hand, the procedure may cause bruising to the back or abdomen, bleeding around the kidney, blood in the urine, and even discomfort by removing the stone fragments.
Surgery
As for surgery, it is applied for the removal of larger kidney stones. This procedure is known as percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
A surgical extraction is applied by means of small instruments and telescopes, which are introduced by means of a very small incision made in the back.
For this procedure the patient is anaesthetized, and it is mandatory that after the operation remain hospitalized for one or two days.
The surgery procedure is applied if the shock wave treatment does not work.
Endoscopy
As for endoscopy, it is a method of kidney stone treatment in Pitampura to remove the stones that are lodged in the ureter or kidney.
To relieve the treatment out, a ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra and bladder with the intention of locating the calculation.
When located it is trapped and broken into pieces so that it is removed with urine.
After this procedure, a stent is placed inside the ureter and this helps relieve swelling and stimulates healing.
Parathyroid gland surgery
The last of the treatments for a large kidney stone whose symptoms are excessively painful is parathyroid gland surgery.
This surgery is necessary when the stones are formed by excessive calcium levels, in this case, caused by the parathyroid gland.
What is achieved with surgery is to remove the growth of the gland to stop excessive calcium production and thus prevent the formation of kidney stones.
Causes of kidney stones
The reason kidney stone occurs may vary. There is no one cause.
But it can be said generally that it occurs because calcium, oxalate or uric acid is greater in the amount than can be diluted by urine fluids.
If urine does not have the substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, then kidney stones can also occur.
However, in order to be more specific in relation to the reasons why kidney stones occur, they will have to be covered according to the type of calculation.
Calcium kidney calculus
These are more common. It is caused by foods high in oxalate. Also because of high doses of vitamin D, or by procedures such as intestinal bypass.
Some metabolic disorders increase the concentration of oxalate or calcium in the urine, resulting in kidney stones.
Consumption of certain anti-seizure medications also results in calcium calculation.
Kidney calculus of struvite
These form as a consequence of urinary tract infection.
They grow very quickly and often have few symptoms.
Kidney calculus of uric acid
These occur if you do not drink enough fluid or if you lose a lot of fluid on the contrary.
Some genetic factors are often the reason for this type of kidney stone.
Kidney cystine calculus
This type of kidney stone is due to inherited disorders that cause the abundant excretion of certain amino acids.
Causes and risk factors
The following are the risk factors for kidney stone:
- Dehydration
- Obesity
- Diets rich in protein, sugar and sodium
- Family history
- Personal history
- Having had surgeries such as gastric bypass
- Having digestive diseases
- Urinary tract infections
Conclusion
A kidney stone can cause really painful conditions. That is why it is best to take precautions to prevent it.
Our recommendation is that you drink between eight and twelve cups of fluid a day. If you have kidney disease, ask your urologist in Pitampura what the average amount of fluid you can consume should be.
Limit sodium and animal protein in your diet, so you can prevent kidney stone.